Attendance by month
EP · roll-call · last 180 daysCredited roll-call participation in each calendar month of the current 180-day window of the 10th term, from the same per-sitting counts as the headline figure. Officially excused sittings (Rule 162) are removed from that month's denominator — a gap in the line is a fully excused month. The dashed line is the mean of ranked MEPs' monthly rates. How this is calculated
Missed votes by sitting
EP · attendance register · last 180 daysEvery plenary sitting day on which this MEP missed at least one roll-call vote, newest first. “Officially excused” means the Parliament's own record excuses the absence; those sittings are already credited in the figure above. Links open the Parliament's record for that day. How this works
- Thu, 22 Oct 2026Missed 1 of 76 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Wed, 21 Oct 2026Missed 1 of 152 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Mon, 19 Oct 2026Missed all 5 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Mon, 5 Oct 2026Missed the 1 voteNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Wed, 16 Sept 2026Missed 2 of 80 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Tue, 15 Sept 2026Missed 1 of 155 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Mon, 14 Sept 2026Missed the 1 voteNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Wed, 8 Jul 2026Missed 1 of 144 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Tue, 7 Jul 2026Missed 1 of 72 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Mon, 6 Jul 2026Missed all 2 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
Show all 19 sitting daysShow fewer
- Thu, 18 Jun 2026Missed all 77 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Wed, 17 Jun 2026Missed all 127 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Tue, 16 Jun 2026Missed all 40 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Mon, 15 Jun 2026Missed all 2 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Thu, 21 May 2026Missed 14 of 98 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Wed, 20 May 2026Missed 1 of 96 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Mon, 18 May 2026Missed all 4 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Wed, 29 Apr 2026Missed 5 of 296 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
- Mon, 27 Apr 2026Missed all 2 votesNot excusedAttendance register ↗Roll-call votes ↗
Voting Record
Main votes over the last 180 days · data as of 22 Oct 2026
Voting against the party line
Share of recorded plenary roll-call votes where Elisabetta GUALMINI voted differently from the majority of their European Parliament political group, or of their national-party colleagues.
Different from Renew majority
5.1% (10 of 198)
The Renew average on the same method is 6.6%. Counted only when Elisabetta GUALMINI cast For, Against or Abstain and the group had a unique leading position.
Different from national-party majority
—
No national figure: this national party has only one sitting MEP.
Objection pursuant to Rule 115(2), (3) and (4)(c): Monacolins from red yeast rice
Elisabetta GUALMINI voted Abstain; 94% of voting Renew members (65 of 69) voted Against.
EP roll-call results ↗via HowTheyVote.eu ↗Objection pursuant to Rule 115(2), (3) and (4)(c): Lead in gunshot
Elisabetta GUALMINI voted Abstain; 93% of voting Renew members (62 of 67) voted Against.
EP roll-call results ↗via HowTheyVote.eu ↗New Chinese law on ‘ethnic unity and progress’ and the intensified suppression of ethnic identities
Elisabetta GUALMINI voted Against; 91% of voting Renew members (60 of 66) voted For.
EP roll-call results ↗via HowTheyVote.eu ↗Objection pursuant to Rule 115(2), (3) and (4)(c): Certain botanical species containing hydroxyanthracene derivatives
Elisabetta GUALMINI voted Abstain; 83% of voting Renew members (57 of 69) voted Against.
EP roll-call results ↗via HowTheyVote.eu ↗Reduction of methane emissions in the energy sector: postponement of certain obligations
Elisabetta GUALMINI voted For; 60% of voting Renew members (40 of 67) voted Against.
EP roll-call results ↗via HowTheyVote.eu ↗Objection pursuant to Rule 115(2) and (3): Genetically modified maize NK603 × T25
Elisabetta GUALMINI voted Abstain; 55% of voting Renew members (41 of 74) voted Against.
EP roll-call results ↗via HowTheyVote.eu ↗Objection pursuant to Rule 114(3): Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets
Elisabetta GUALMINI voted For; 55% of voting Renew members (40 of 73) voted Against.
EP roll-call results ↗via HowTheyVote.eu ↗Objection pursuant to Rule 115(2) and (3): Genetically modified maize MON 87460
Elisabetta GUALMINI voted Abstain; 53% of voting Renew members (35 of 66) voted For.
EP roll-call results ↗via HowTheyVote.eu ↗Source: HowTheyVote.eu export of European Parliament roll-call results. This is a count of recorded positions, not a judgment of motive. How this is calculated · Who breaks with their group most often
Vote predictions
Vote modelComputed from Elisabetta GUALMINI’s own roll-call record and how their group actually voted, rules, not guesswork.
90% accurate on 5,752 held-out votes
Coming up in plenary, early prediction
EU agri-food promotion policy
2026-11-12 · Renew Europe (Renew) voted For in 69% of 336 agriculture votes
Institutional aspects of artificial intelligence in the context of European integration
2026-11-12 · Renew Europe (Renew) voted For in 91% of 767 digital votes
From prototypes to capabilities – enabling new defence actors to scale up
2026-11-12 · Renew Europe (Renew) voted For in 61% of 578 defence votes
Predicted stance by topic
- budgetFor 100% of 15
- climateFor 92% of 13
- economyFor 100% of 11
- digitalFor 90% of 10
- employmentFor 100% of 10
- foreignFor 100% of 9
- rule of lawFor 100% of 9
- fisheriesFor 88% of 8
- transportFor 100% of 8
- defenceFor 63% of 8
- tradeFor 83% of 6
- healthFor 100% of 4
- migrationFor 50% of 4
- justiceFor 100% of 4
- energyFor 100% of 3
- agricultureFor 100% of 3
- institutionalFor 100% of 3
Votes Elisabetta missed, how they would likely have voted
Reduction of methane emissions in the energy sector: postponement of certain obligations
2026-10-22
94% of 64 Renew Europe (Renew) MEPs voted Against · voted For in 92% of 13 climate votes · voted For in 80% of the last 20 cast votes
Objection pursuant to Rule 115(2) and (3): Genetically modified maize DP202216 x NK603 x DAS-40278-9 and its sub-combinations DP 202216 x NK603, DP202216 x DAS-40278-9
2026-07-08
49% of 68 Renew Europe (Renew) MEPs voted Against · voted For in 80% of the last 20 cast votes
Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland
2026-06-18
100% of 60 Renew Europe (Renew) MEPs voted For · voted For in 100% of 9 foreign votes · voted For in 80% of the last 20 cast votes
Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba
2026-06-18
94% of 62 Renew Europe (Renew) MEPs voted For · voted For in 80% of the last 20 cast votes
Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicines
2026-06-18
73% of 62 Renew Europe (Renew) MEPs voted Against · voted For in 80% of the last 20 cast votes
Financial Declarations
Declared to the European Parliament · Self-reported by the MEP
Estimated outside income
€0–0/year
Based on declared income bands
0 declared activities
1 board membership
Source: European Parliament declarations · Self-reported · Last updated: 23 Mar 2026
View original declaration on europarl.europa.eu →Events and gifts declared to the Parliament
Self-declared by the MEP, 10th term (since July 2024)
These lists link to declarations Elisabetta GUALMINI made to the European Parliament. They are self-declared by the MEP, and the linked EP document is the authoritative record. Having no declarations does not mean having no events: events paid for by EU institutions or bodies, national governments or political parties do not have to be declared, and a declaration can be missing or filed late.
Events paid for by third parties (self-declared)
- 30 Jun 2025Declaration (PDF) ↗
Gifts notified to the President (self-declared)
No entries for this MEP in the Parliament's register of gifts ↗ for this term.
All filings: Elisabetta GUALMINI's declarations on europarl.europa.eu ↗
Source: European Parliament website (MEP declarations; Register of gifts) · declarations retrieved 30 Sept 2026 · register retrieved 30 Sept 2026. What is listed
Recent Lobby Meetings
Most recent meetings disclosed on the EU Transparency Register. These meetings are self-declared by MEPs. Not every MEP publishes meeting declarations, so a missing entry is not evidence that no meeting took place. A disclosed meeting is a recorded contact, not evidence that it influenced a vote.
None of Elisabetta GUALMINI’s recent declarations named a legislative file we could match with confidence. A meeting is listed on a file only when the declaration names that procedure (a reference such as 2025/0241(COD), or a title that uniquely matches one file).
Parliamentary questions
Written questions to the Commission, the Council and other EU bodies, 10th term (since July 2024)
Written 50 · Priority 7 · 56 co-authored
Latest 10
- 7 Oct 2026Trafficking in human organsWritten question E-004055/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 8Awaiting answerQuestion ↗PDF ↗
- 28 Sept 2026Removal of the European Commission logo from the Second Ventotene conference programme following Taiwan’s participationWritten question E-003900/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 14Awaiting answerQuestion ↗PDF ↗
- 7 Sept 2026Extraterritorial impact of the US designation of Autistici/Inventati as a terrorist entityPriority question P-003526/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 28Awaiting answerQuestion ↗PDF ↗
- 22 Jul 2026EU support for the Global Partnership for Education ahead of the 2026 Replenishment ConferenceWritten question E-003098/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 7Answered 31 Aug 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 22 Jul 2026Cutro shipwreck, tragedies at sea and the right of vicitms’ familiesWritten question E-003097/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 23Answered 22 Sept 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 29 Jun 2026Evasion of European sanctions through Türkiye in the case of machinery produced in Member States for the Russian military supply chainWritten question E-002679/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 9Answered 21 Aug 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 29 Jun 2026Deterioration of Elene Khoshtaria’s health condition and political persecution in GeorgiaWritten question E-002678/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 10Answered 5 Aug 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 16 Jun 2026Promoting ‘freedom to stay’ for the completion of the single market for a more resilient Europe and a locally anchored industrial policyWritten question E-002476/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 17Answered 4 Sept 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 11 Jun 2026Small modular reactorsWritten question E-002408/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 25Answered 20 Aug 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 9 Jun 2026Sovereignty of European payment system WeroPriority question P-002371/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 9Answered 18 Sept 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
Show all 57 questionsShow fewer
- 9 Jun 2026Strengthening prevention, mental well-being and healthy ageing through improved hearing healthWritten question E-002380/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 15Answered 21 Aug 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 28 May 2026Energy Performance of Buildings DirectiveWritten question E-002171/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 10Answered 19 Aug 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 11 May 2026The compatibility with EU law of the Italian 2026 Security Law’s video surveillance measureWritten question E-001948/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 15Answered 18 Sept 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 8 May 2026Export of alumina from a Member State entering the Russian military supply chainWritten question E-001908/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 18Answered 29 Jul 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 27 Apr 2026Ukrainian children forcibly transferred and deported by RussiaWritten question E-001705/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 49Answered 14 Jul 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 16 Apr 2026Emissions Trading System benchmark updateWritten question E-001561/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 5Answered 12 Jun 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 15 Apr 2026Application of EU sanctions against a Russian propaganda event in a Member StateWritten question E-001552/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 17Answered 15 Jun 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 9 Apr 2026Ecodesign requirements for high-voltage switchgear critical to electricity grid expansionPriority question P-001442/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 5Answered 5 May 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 30 Mar 2026Deeply concerning events in HungaryWritten question E-001318/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 15Answered 5 Jun 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 18 Mar 2026PFAS regulation in the forthcoming REACH revisionWritten question E-001120/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 1Answered 26 May 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 29 Jan 2026Activating EU funds and support instruments for Sicily, Sardinia and Calabria in the wake of Cyclone HarryPriority question P-000378/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 20Answered 12 Mar 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 14 Jan 2026Big Tech lobby attack on the EU’s transparency and targeting of political advertising rulesWritten question E-000158/2026To the Commissionco-authored with 24Answered 27 Mar 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 12 Jan 2026Venezuela and violation of the UN CharterWritten question E-000065/2026To the Vice-President / High Representativeco-authored with 14Answered 23 Feb 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 20 Nov 2025EU funding of companies linked to spyware and illegal surveillanceWritten question E-004636/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 54Answered 20 Feb 2026Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 12 Nov 2025The sacking of journalist Gabriele Nunziati over a question he asked the CommissionWritten question E-004502/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 22Awaiting answerQuestion ↗PDF ↗
- 24 Sept 2025Protecting doctors’ health: full implementation of Directive 2003/88/EC on working timeWritten question E-003712/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 15Answered 20 Nov 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 19 Sept 2025Commission proposal on short-term rentalsWritten question E-003637/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 8Answered 21 Nov 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 9 Sept 2025Protection of journalists and investigation into killings in GazaWritten question E-003482/2025To the Vice-President / High Representativeco-authored with 108Answered 4 Nov 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 1 Jul 2025Returns of migrants from detention centres in Albania and breach of Directive 2008/115/EC by the Italian GovernmentWritten question E-002653/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 30Answered 15 Sept 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 27 Jun 2025Working conditions of doctors in EuropeWritten question E-002607/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 17Answered 14 Aug 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 20 Jun 2025Implementation of Italy’s NRRP and problems caused by delaysPriority question P-002482/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 20Answered 7 Oct 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 10 Jun 2025Industrial Emissions Directive – BREF for the ceramic manufacturing industryWritten question E-002327/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 5Answered 30 Jul 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 21 May 2025High energy prices and the functioning of EU energy marketsWritten question E-002040/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 13Answered 2 Sept 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 8 Apr 2025Pre-removal detention centres (CPRs) in Albania and compliance with EU rules, principles and standardsWritten question E-001425/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 19Answered 3 Jul 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 11 Feb 2025The use of Paragon Solutions spyware against journalistsWritten question E-000617/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 23Answered 11 Jun 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 11 Feb 2025Trump declarations on Gaza and the Palestinian peopleWritten question E-000612/2025To the Vice-President / High Representativeco-authored with 55Answered 3 Apr 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 10 Feb 2025Use of Paragon Solutions spyware against journalists and civil society representativesWritten question E-000600/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 14Answered 11 Apr 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 30 Jan 2025Meta’s recent decision to end fact-checking on Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp in the United StatesWritten question E-000423/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 31Answered 31 Mar 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 17 Jan 2025Management of Natura 2000 sites: the Habitats Directive and the case of the Bagnoli-Coroglio site of national interestWritten question E-000198/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 6Answered 3 Mar 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 15 Jan 2025EU citizens affected by thalidomideWritten question E-000162/2025To the CommissionAnswered 11 Mar 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 13 Jan 2025The impact of Starlink on the European satellite internet service marketWritten question E-000092/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 17Answered 19 Mar 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 13 Jan 2025Safeguarding digital sovereignty in Italy’s national recovery and resilience plan: the case of StarlinkWritten question E-000091/2025To the Commissionco-authored with 17Answered 13 Mar 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 19 Dec 2024Energy from renewable sources – EU legislation and Member States’ measuresWritten question E-003053/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 16Answered 20 Mar 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 5 Dec 2024Conditions for workers in the automotive industryWritten question E-002785/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 20Answered 30 Apr 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 29 Nov 2024Incompatibility between the list of safe countries of origin made by the Italian Government and the criteria laid down in EU lawWritten question E-002701/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 29Answered 14 May 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 28 Nov 2024Blatant disregard of International Criminal Court decisions by the Hungarian Prime MinisterWritten question E-002697/2024To the Vice-President / High Representativeco-authored with 45Answered 6 Feb 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 27 Nov 2024EU must act as United States signals retreat from green investmentsWritten question E-002672/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 3Answered 7 Feb 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 26 Nov 2024Conflicts of interest and political interference by Elon MuskWritten question E-002653/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 29Answered 20 Feb 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 11 Nov 2024Fund for asbestos victimsWritten question E-002487/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 3Answered 17 Jan 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 8 Nov 2024The crisis surrounding Beko Europe and worker protectionWritten question E-002475/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 21Answered 6 Jan 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 22 Oct 2024Compliance of the Italy-Albania protocol with EU lawPriority question P-002206/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 28Answered 5 Feb 2025Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 4 Oct 2024Debt sustainability analysis frameworkWritten question E-001956/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 7Answered 28 Nov 2024Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 25 Sept 2024Approval of the draft law on security and breach of EU principlesWritten question E-001823/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 20Answered 13 Nov 2024Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 19 Sept 2024European action plan on geographical indicationsWritten question E-001761/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 4Answered 31 Oct 2024Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 14 Sept 2024Recent massacre in the Al-Mawasi ‘humanitarian zone’ in the Gaza StripPriority question P-001714/2024To the Vice-President / High Representativeco-authored with 18Answered 18 Dec 2024Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 4 Sept 2024Police searches of media outlets: the case of Il Corriere FiorentinoWritten question E-001615/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 20Answered 25 Oct 2024Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
- 29 Aug 2024Further delays to the reopening of the Fréjus Rail TunnelWritten question E-001567/2024To the Commissionco-authored with 12Answered 22 Oct 2024Question ↗PDF ↗Answer ↗Answer PDF ↗
Source: European Parliament Open Data Portal · CC BY 4.0 · retrieved from the EP 24 Oct 2026 · newest question tabled 20 Oct 2026. The Parliament publishes a question about one to two weeks after it is tabled, so the newest may not be listed yet. What is counted
About Elisabetta GUALMINI
Elisabetta Gualmini is a Member of the European Parliament for Italy, belonging to Renew Europe (Renew), the liberal and centrist group, and to the national party Azione. The current mandate in the 10th parliamentary term began on 16 July 2024. In the 9th term, Gualmini was Vice-Chair of the Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament from 18 October 2022 to 15 July 2024. Earlier, from 2015 to June 2019, Gualmini was Vice-President of the Region of Emilia Romagna with responsibility for housing policy and the welfare state. Alongside these posts, Gualmini has been Professor of political science at the University of Bologna since 1 February 2005 and editorialist for La Stampa daily newspaper since October 2012.
Summary grounded in cited sources
View official profile on europarl.europa.eu →More MEPs from Italy
More MEPs in Renew Europe (Renew)
Methodology
Attendance is calculated based on roll-call votes in plenary sessions of the European Parliament. Committee votes are excluded. Abstaining counts as present; not voting counts as absent. Sittings for which the Parliament officially excused a Member (Rule 162: illness, serious family reasons, official mission, or pregnancy and maternity leave, which the Parliament excuses for three months before and six months after a birth) are credited, not counted as absences. We credit only what the Parliament's own record shows: the “excused” list in each sitting's minutes, or leave documented in another official Parliament document. An absence the Parliament has not recorded as excused counts as an absence, even if leave has been reported in the press. Notable votes are selected based on significance, close outcomes, and high participation.
Some attendance figures carry a context note, such as maternity or parental leave, illness or an official mission. Each note cites a press or official report, with its source and date, and is reviewed by us before it appears. Context notes never change the attendance figure. MEPs who missed every sitting of an entire plenary session are checked by a person before they appear in any bottom-of-ranking list. Full attendance methodology →
